We begin our light impact assessment by reviewing the proposed project plans and conducting a desktop study. This helps us identify key environmental and human receptors that may be affected by artificial lighting. We also assess existing lighting conditions in the area using aerial photography and mapping tools to create a baseline.
For a more detailed lighting impact assessment, we may conduct an on-site survey to measure the existing light levels in the area. Using professional lux metres, our team records light levels at various points around the application site, at night when lighting has the most significant impact.
We evaluate how the proposed lighting will affect the environment, considering factors such as:
• Light Pollution: Sky glow, light spill, and glare.
• Impact on Wildlife: Especially nocturnal species such as bats, which are sensitive to artificial lighting.
• Impact on Human Receptors: Nearby residential areas, businesses, and public spaces.
A Lighting Impact Assessment is a detailed evaluation of how artificial lighting from a proposed or existing development may affect the surrounding area. This includes analysing light pollution, glare, and the impact on both ecological and human receptors.
At Hawkins Environmental, we are experienced in assessing lighting designs and installation designs against best practice guidelines and standards, including those produced by the Institution of Lighting Professionals (ILP) and by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE).
Working with Planners and Environmental Health Officers, we carry out desktop Lighting Impact Assessments and site studies for planning applications involving exterior lighting. Our Lighting and Environmental Specialists are fully conversant with NPPF (National Planning Policy Framework) and UK Government Guidance and Policy.
LED (Light Emitting Diode) – A semiconductor that emits light when powered. LEDs are efficient and long-lasting compared to traditional bulbs.
Light Pollution – Excessive or misdirected artificial light that disrupts natural darkness.
Sensitive Lighting Scheme – Lighting designed to reduce pollution, improve visibility, and suit its environment—balancing safety and ecological impact.
Glare – Harsh brightness that causes discomfort or impairs vision, typically from intense light sources contrasting with surroundings.
Colour Temperature – Measured in Kelvins; higher values mean cooler light; lower values mean warmer light.
Sky Glow – Night sky brightening overpopulated areas, caused by artificial light scattering in the atmosphere.
Lux (lx) – Unit measuring light intensity on a surface (illuminance).
Lumens (lm) – Unit measuring total visible light emitted by a source, regardless of direction.
Illuminance – The brightness of light reaching a surface, based on source intensity and coverage area.
Luminance – Light reflected or emitted from a surface, indicating its visible brightness, considering reflectivity.
Environmental Zones – Area classifications guiding lighting levels to reduce pollution and protect dark skies.
Obtrusive Light – Light spilling into unintended areas, often considered a nuisance depending on its intensity and surrounding light levels.
We provide a detailed Lighting Impact Assessment Report ready for submission with your planning application. This report includes:
The advancement of LED technology has significantly improved external lighting in recent years, offering brighter, more directional, and energy-efficient options compared to the older halogen lights. Additionally, LED lights tend to emit a whiter light, unlike their predecessors. However, despite the cost-efficiency of these new lights, improper design and placement can lead to negative consequences for humans, light-sensitive species, and the environment. Excessive light pollution, glare, and light intrusion can result if these factors aren’t properly addressed.
As a result, planning authorities now assess the potential impacts of existing or new lighting sources on surrounding areas. Their goal is to protect wildlife, prevent disturbances to people, and preserve the enjoyment of natural spaces and the night sky. If these factors are not considered during planning, a condition notice is typically issued.
No, it is not a general requirement. However, if you are in a dark skies area, such as a national park (e.g., the South Downs) or a rural countryside area, your local authority may require it.
Each local authority has its own approach to lighting, so it is advisable to check your local authority’s planning guidelines. Most authorities will require a Lighting Impact Assessment as part of their validation process if floodlights are being installed (e.g., on sports pitches or in industrial/commercial areas).
Addressing lighting considerations before submitting a planning application can help reduce delays and avoid the need for a condition notice.
Artificial lighting should be considered when a development is likely to increase lighting levels or when the development may be sensitive to existing lighting conditions. Although lighting offers benefits to society, it is crucial to ensure that the right type of light is used in the right location and at the time to maximise its effectiveness.
